6. Precautions for specific groups
(1) 14 types of people should not exercise vigorously
There are many specific groups of people who are not suitable for strenuous exercise or may pose serious health risks.
Patients with congenital heart disease : Congenital heart disease is a congenital cardiovascular malformation that exists at birth, and patients may experience fatigue, recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, poor development, weight loss, palpitations, chest tightness and other symptoms. Strenuous exercise is not recommended for people with congenital heart disease, as strenuous exercise can easily worsen symptoms and may even lead to heart failure or arrhythmias. In principle, activity should be restricted to reduce oxygen consumption, but appropriate physical exercise can be done under the guidance of a doctor to improve resistance.
Patients with heart disease : Whether patients with heart disease can exercise is subject to a physical examination and physical assessment by the hospital. Patients with grade 4 cardiac function and the onset of acute myocardial infarction are unable to exercise. Patients with stable condition and good physical fitness can exercise appropriately, but they should choose aerobic exercise, avoid anaerobic exercise, such as brisk running, playing basketball, etc., and choose soothing aerobic exercise such as slow walking and tai chi. Patients with coronary heart disease have stenosis of the coronary arteries, and the increase of systemic oxygen consumption during strenuous exercise can cause patients to experience chest pain, dyspnea and other discomforts, and in severe cases, myocardial infarction and even death may occur.
Patients with hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases : If such patients exercise vigorously, it will directly lead to increased blood pressure or excessive cerebral blood rush, increasing the risk of blood vessel rupture. Therefore, gentle exercise should be chosen and strenuous exercise should be avoided.
Patients with anemia : overexertion can cause shock because oxygen supply is insufficient. Therefore, patients with anemia are not suitable for strenuous exercise.
Patients with sclerosis of bones : It is difficult to recover from an accidental fracture and is not suitable for strenuous exercise.
Patients with respiratory diseases : strenuous exercise may aggravate the symptoms of respiratory diseases and is not suitable for strenuous exercise.
Concussion patients : need to get enough rest and avoid strenuous exercise to avoid aggravating the condition.
Fever patients : When the immune system in the body fights fiercely with foreign objects, the body needs to consume a lot of energy, and strenuous exercise at this time is not conducive to physical recovery.
Diabetic patients with unstable blood sugar : Excessive exercise may cause lactic acid accumulation, and in severe cases, lactic acidosis may occur. People who can’t control their blood sugar should also not do strenuous exercise, so as not to cause accidents due to excessive changes in blood sugar during strenuous exercise. Diabetic patients should focus on moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, combined with low-intensity strength exercise, in order to get better exercise and hypoglycemic effect.